How Do Horses Get Shocked?
In an electrified situation, there is a positive field and a negative field. The negative field is what permits electricity to flow and then return from the positive field, thus generating power. In an electric fence, the positive field is the fence material, while the negative is literally the ground. If a horse bumps into the fence, he interrupts this cycle of the power returning to the source, and that's why he feels a shock. For an instant, the horse has become the ground.
Electric fence controllers are safe and yet effective because the charge is short. The burst is 700 volts, but it never stays on long enough to damage any organs. The controllers come in AC models and battery-powered ones. We like solar collectors because they are good for the environment and require little handling, but electric ones are admittedly more common.
To prevent sagging over time, you're going to need to start with installation, with posts installed plumb. Install tension springs and stretchers where needed. Remember to retension semiannually-that means twice a year-especially after the winter, when cold weather can cause wire in the poly material to contract. When wire changes, your horse's containment does, too, so it pays to check your fences frequently.
It's important to emphasize that these economy fences are not the ones we'd recommend if you're housing foals or stallions. Foals can skitter under a fence that a fully grown horse never would consider (a sensible one anyway), and stallions need to be confined with a fence that has virtually no chance of failing. Still, as you're well aware, any horse-even the quietest retiree-can test boundaries.
Electric
If you decide to add electfified strands to your fence (which can be plain wire but we prefer wires within the poly), choose stainless wire over copper. Copper tends to degrade more easily, which can lead to stops in electricity and reduce the effectiveness of your fence.
Note: Poly fencing is available with or without wires. Wire can help make the fence stronger but its primary purpose is to carry electricity if you so choose. By planning ahead, you can electrify selected strands of your fencing as you may desire.
Using five strands allows you an easy way to electrify alternate strands of wire-one, three, and five can all be hot, and two and four grounded. Then electricity can return to the source without relying on the ground. Wire tension stays in through the use of in line stretchers, which are permanent, and tension springs.
A grounding system-which you will need whether you have one or two strands of electric on a poly fence-typically has grounding rods, which are placed in the ground and bound to each other with copper wire. If you follow the alternating-strands plan for an electric fence, the fence will still work, even if the ground is so dry it can't conduct electricity. (If you have heavy weeds, you may want to use the second-from-bottom wire as your ground, rather than your bottom wire, because the plants can ground out hot wires if they get high and thick.)
Bottom Line
Fencing products are widely available, which means that you will can shop around and get a competitive price. If you're having fencing professionally installed (recommended), be sure you get three estimates and call references from other horse owners who have used the fencer's services. Remember that if your land is particularly steep or rolling, you may be facing higher installation charges.
A complete instructional on how to fence your property is beyond the scope of a magazine article. There are too many considerations, including your terrain and your horses themselves, that can influence your decision on fencing.
And, while we're usually big do-it-yourselfers, we're going to discourage you from installing these fences yourself. Very few people have the equipment and ability to properly install a sturdy fence. It's a lot of work, and you had better have somewhat of a perfectionist streak to your makeup if you decide to tackle the job. Many tape fences start out looking good but quickly sag because the installation was not done properly. And sagging is dangerous, weakening the containment capability of your fences.
As it has everything else, the Internet has changed fence shopping. Many fencing companies have features that ask owners questions such as how many dips occur in the planned area to be fenced, how heavy the weeds are, and so on before recommending how many yards of fencing materials and how many posts you should buy.
HorseGuard and Kencove post manuals on their websites, so you can see what you're in for before you order (we think everyone should do this) and Centaur has a helpful "Centaur Calculator" that allows you to enter your variables and receive a materials list. Finish Line includes a table showing how much product you need per acre.
Overall, we'd start our fence search with a white or white-color blend UV-resistant poly tape that's over an inch wide, like IntelliTape SW from Premier I. If you live somewhere windy, you might decide to opt for rope or braid, as it will better withstand the wind and still provide the visibility you want. With electrified tape, rope, or braid, electrify at least two strands of fencing for control.
Note: Pricing varies widely by region so be sure that the average costs that you find are correct for your area.
